The ECM uses sensors mounted in front of and behind the Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) to monitor its efficiency.
The first sensor, the air fuel ratio sensor, sends pre-catalyst information to the ECM. The second sensor, the heated oxygen sensor, sends post-catalyst information to the ECM.
In order to detect any deterioration in the three-way catalytic converter, the ECM calculates the oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalytic converter. This calculation is based on the voltage output of the heated oxygen sensor while performing active air fuel ratio control.
The oxygen storage capacity value is an indication of the oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalytic converter. When the vehicle is being driven with a warm engine, active air fuel ratio control is performed for approximately 30 seconds. When it is performed, the ECM deliberately sets the air fuel ratio to lean or rich levels. If the cycle of the waveform for the heated oxygen sensor is long, the oxygen storage capacity is great. There is a direct correlation between the heated oxygen sensor and the oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalytic converter.
The ECM uses the oxygen storage capacity value to determine the state of the three-way catalytic converter. If any deterioration has occurred, the ECM will illuminate the MIL and store a DTC.
This system determines the deterioration of the entire catalyst system (including the front and rear catalysts), by using the oxygen storage capacity value of the front catalyst, that is more sensitive than the rear catalyst, as the representative value. Therefore, be sure to replace the front and rear catalysts together when catalyst replacement is necessary.
| DTC No. | Detection Item | DTC Detection Condition | Trouble Area | MIL | Memory | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P042000 | Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1 | The oxygen storage capacity value is less than the standard value under active air fuel ratio control (2 trip detection logic). | ·
Gas leak from exhaust system ·
Air fuel ratio sensor (bank 1 sensor 1) ·
Heated oxygen sensor (bank 1 sensor 2) ·
Exhaust manifold assembly (TWC: Front catalyst) and front exhaust pipe assembly (TWC: Rear catalyst) |
Comes on | DTC stored | SAE Code: P0420 |
| P043000 | Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 2 | The oxygen storage capacity value is less than the standard value under active air fuel ratio control (2 trip detection logic). | ·
Gas leak from exhaust system ·
Air fuel ratio sensor (bank 2 sensor 1) ·
Heated oxygen sensor (bank 2 sensor 2) ·
Exhaust manifold assembly LH (TWC: Front catalyst) and front exhaust pipe assembly (TWC: Rear catalyst) |
Comes on | DTC stored | SAE Code: P0430 |
| *A | for Standard Roof | *B | for High Roof |
| *1 | Air Fuel Ratio Sensor (Bank 1 Sensor 1) | *2 | Air Fuel Ratio Sensor (Bank 2 Sensor 1) |
| *3 | Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1 Sensor 2) | *4 | Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 2 Sensor 2) |
| *5 | Exhaust Manifold Sub-assembly RH (TWC: Front Catalyst) | *6 | Exhaust Manifold Sub-assembly LH (TWC: Front Catalyst) |
| *7 | Front Exhaust Pipe Assembly (TWC: Rear Catalyst) | *8 | Front No. 2 Exhaust Pipe Assembly (TWC: Rear Catalyst) |
| *9 | Center Exhaust Pipe Assembly | *10 | Exhaust Tailpipe Assembly |
| *11 | Front No. 3 Exhaust Pipe Sub-assembly | - | - |
If DTC P042000 is output, replace the exhaust manifold sub-assembly RH (*5) and the front exhaust pipe assembly (*7) together when catalyst replacement is necessary (Excluding air fuel ratio sensor*1 and heated oxygen sensor*3).
If DTC P043000 is output, replace the exhaust manifold sub-assembly LH (*6) and the front No. 2 exhaust pipe assembly (*8) together when catalyst replacement is necessary (Excluding air fuel ratio sensor*2 and heated oxygen sensor*4).
| Required Sensors/Components (Main) | Air fuel ratio sensor
Heated oxygen sensor |
| Required Sensors/Components (Related) | Intake air temperature sensor (mass air flow meter sub-assembly)
Mass air flow meter sub-assembly Crankshaft position sensor Engine coolant temperature sensor |
| Frequency of Operation | Once per driving cycle |
| Battery voltage | 11 V or higher |
| Intake air temperature | -10°C (14°F) or higher |
| Engine coolant temperature | 75°C (167°F) or higher |
| Atmospheric pressure | 76 kPa(abs) [11.02 psi(abs)] or higher |
| Idling | Off |
| Engine speed | Less than 3500 rpm |
| Air fuel ratio sensor status | Activated |
| Fuel system status | Closed loop |
| Engine load | 10% or higher, and less than 100% |
| Shift position | 3rd or higher |
| All of the following conditions are met | 1, 2 and 3 |
| 1. Mass air flow rate | 5 gm/sec. or higher, and less than 95 gm/sec. |
| 2. Front catalyst temperature (estimated) | 640°C (1184°F) or higher, and less than 820°C (1508°F) |
| 3. Rear catalyst temperature (estimated) | 400°C (752°F) or higher, and less than 820°C (1508°F) |
Performing this confirmation driving pattern will activate the catalyst efficiency monitor. This is very useful for verifying the completion of a repair.
Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
Turn the ignition switch to ON.
Turn the GTS on.
Clear the DTCs (even if no DTCs are stored, perform the clear DTC procedure).
Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
Turn the ignition switch to ON.
Turn the GTS on.
Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature is 75°C (167°F) or higher with the shift lever in P [A].
In order to keep the idle stable, turn the A/C and all other electric loads off and do not perform any shift operations.
Drive the vehicle at approximately 60 km/h (37 mph) for 10 minutes or more [B].
When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
Drive the vehicle while keeping the engine load as constant as possible.
Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds [C].
Turn the ignition switch to ON.
Turn the GTS on.
Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature is 75°C (167°F) or higher [D].
Drive the vehicle at approximately 60 km/h (37 mph) for 10 minutes or more [E].
When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
Drive the vehicle while keeping the engine load as constant as possible.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes [F].
Read the pending DTCs.
If a pending DTC is output, the system is malfunctioning.
If a pending DTC is not output, perform the following procedure.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Utility / All Readiness.
Input the DTC: P042000 or P043000.
Check the DTC judgment result.
| GTS Display | Description |
|---|---|
| NORMAL | ·
DTC judgment completed ·
System normal |
| ABNORMAL | ·
DTC judgment completed ·
System abnormal |
| INCOMPLETE | ·
DTC judgment not completed ·
Perform driving pattern after confirming DTC enabling conditions |
If the judgment result is NORMAL, the system is normal.
If the judgment result is ABNORMAL, the system has a malfunction.
If the judgment result is INCOMPLETE and no pending DTC is output, perform the following procedure.
Drive the vehicle at a speed between 75 and 100 km/h (47 and 62 mph) for 10 minutes or more [G].
When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
Drive the vehicle while keeping the engine load as constant as possible.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes [H].
Read the pending DTCs.
If a pending DTC is output, the system is malfunctioning.
If a pending DTC is not output, perform the following procedure.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Utility / All Readiness.
Input the DTC: P042000 or P043000.
Check the DTC judgment result.
| GTS Display | Description |
|---|---|
| NORMAL | ·
DTC judgment completed ·
System normal |
| ABNORMAL | ·
DTC judgment completed ·
System abnormal |
| INCOMPLETE | ·
DTC judgment not completed ·
Perform driving pattern after confirming DTC enabling conditions |
If the judgment result is NORMAL, the system is normal.
If the judgment result is ABNORMAL, the system has a malfunction.
Perform the operation with the engine speeds and time durations described below prior to checking the waveforms of the air fuel ratio and heated oxygen sensors. This is to activate the sensors sufficiently to obtain appropriate inspection results.
Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the GTS on [A].
Start the engine and warm it up with all the accessories switched off until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes [B].
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1 and O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2 or A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1 and O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2.
Run the engine at an engine speed of between 2500 rpm and 3000 rpm for at least 3 minutes [C].
While running the engine at 3000 rpm for 2 seconds, and then 2000 rpm for 2 seconds, check the waveforms of the air fuel ratio and heated oxygen sensors using the GTS [D].
If the voltage output of either the air fuel ratio or heated oxygen sensor does not fluctuate, or there is a noise in the waveform of either sensor, the sensor may be malfunctioning.
If the voltage outputs of both the sensors remain lean or rich, the air fuel ratio may be extremely lean or rich. In such cases, perform the Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor Active Test using the GTS.
If the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC) has deteriorated, the heated oxygen sensor (located behind the Three-way Catalytic Converter [TWC]) voltage output fluctuates up and down frequently, even under normal driving conditions (active air fuel ratio control is not performed).
If a malfunction cannot be found when troubleshooting DTC P042000 or P043000, a lean or rich abnormality may be the cause. Perform troubleshooting by following the inspection procedure for P017100 or P017400 (System Too Lean), and P017200 or P017500 (System Too Rich).
Bank 1 refers to the bank that includes the No. 1 cylinder*.
*: The No. 1 cylinder is the cylinder which is farthest from the transmission.
Bank 2 refers to the bank that does not include the No. 1 cylinder.
Sensor 1 refers to the sensor closest to the engine assembly.
Sensor 2 refers to the sensor farthest away from the engine assembly.
Read Freeze Frame Data using the GTS. The ECM records vehicle and driving condition information as Freeze Frame Data the moment a DTC is stored. When troubleshooting, Freeze Frame Data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
Turn the ignition switch to ON.
Turn the GTS on.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes.
Read the DTCs.
| Result | Proceed to |
|---|---|
| DTC P042000 and/or P043000 are output | A |
| DTC P042000 and/or P043000 and other DTCs are output | B |
If any DTCs other than P042000 and/or P043000 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.
A
B
Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature is 75°C (167°F) or higher.
Turn the GTS on.
Warm up the air fuel ratio sensor at an engine speed of 2500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor / Data List / Coolant Temperature, A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1 and O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2 or A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1 and O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2.
| Active Test Display |
|---|
| Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor |
| Data List Display |
|---|
| Coolant Temperature |
| A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1 |
| A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1 |
| O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2 |
| O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2 |
Perform the Active Test operation with the engine idling (change the fuel injection volume).
Monitor the voltage outputs of the air fuel ratio sensor and heated oxygen sensor (A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1 and O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2 or A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1 and O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2) displayed on the GTS.
The Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor operation lowers the fuel injection volume by 12.5% or increases the injection volume by 12.5%.
Each sensor reacts in accordance with increases and decreases in the fuel injection volume.
The air fuel ratio sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the heated oxygen sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.
If the sensor output voltage does not change (almost no reaction) while performing the Active Test, the sensor may be malfunctioning.
| GTS Display
(Sensor) |
Injection Volume | Status | Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|
| A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1
A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1 (Air fuel ratio) |
12.5% | Rich | Below 3.1 V |
| -12.5% | Lean | Higher than 3.4 V | |
| O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2
O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2 (Heated oxygen) |
12.5% | Rich | Higher than 0.55 V |
| -12.5% | Lean | Below 0.4 V |
| Status of A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1 or A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1 | Status of O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2 or O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2 | Actual air fuel ratio, air fuel ratio sensor and heated oxygen sensor condition | Misfire | Main Suspected Trouble Area | Proceed to |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lean/Rich | Lean/Rich | Normal | - | ·
Three-way catalytic converter ·
Gas leak from exhaust system |
A |
| Lean | Lean/Rich | Air fuel ratio sensor malfunction | - | ·
Air fuel ratio sensor |
B |
| Rich | Lean/Rich | Air fuel ratio sensor malfunction | - | ·
Air fuel ratio sensor |
|
| Lean/Rich | Lean | Heated oxygen sensor malfunction | - | ·
Heated oxygen sensor ·
Gas leak from exhaust system |
C |
| Lean/Rich | Rich | Heated oxygen sensor malfunction | - | ·
Heated oxygen sensor ·
Gas leak from exhaust system |
|
| Lean | Lean | Actual air fuel ratio lean | May occur | ·
Extremely lean actual air fuel ratio ·
Gas leak from exhaust system |
D |
| Rich | Rich | Actual air fuel ratio rich | - | ·
Extremely rich actual air fuel ratio ·
Gas leak from exhaust system |
Lean: During Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor, the air fuel ratio sensor output voltage (A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1 or A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1) is consistently higher than 3.4 V, and the heated oxygen sensor output voltage (O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2 or O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2) is consistently less than 0.4 V.
Rich: During Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor, the A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B1S1 or A/F (O2) Sensor Voltage B2S1 is consistently less than 3.1 V, and the O2 Sensor Voltage B1S2 or O2 Sensor Voltage B2S2 is consistently higher than 0.55 V.
Lean/Rich: During Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor of the Active Test, the output voltage of the air fuel ratio sensor or heated oxygen sensor alternates correctly.
A
B
C
D
Check for exhaust gas leaks.
No gas leaks in exhaust system.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| OK |
| NG |
OK
NG
Replace the air fuel ratio sensor.
Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the air fuel ratio sensor.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| NEXT |
NEXT
Check for exhaust gas leaks.
No gas leaks in exhaust system.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| OK |
| NG |
OK
NG
Replace the heated oxygen sensor.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| NEXT |
NEXT
Check the exhaust gas leaks.
No gas leaks in exhaust system.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| OK |
| NG |
OK
NG
Check the cause of extremely rich or lean actual air fuel ratio, referring to the DTC P017100 Inspection Procedure.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| NEXT |
NEXT
Repair or replace exhaust system.
Perform "Inspection After Repair" after repairing or replacing the exhaust system.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| NEXT |
NEXT
Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
Turn the ignition switch to ON.
Turn the GTS on.
Clear the DTC.
Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
| Proceed to |
|---|
| NEXT |
NEXT
Drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes.
Read the DTCs.
| Result | Proceed to |
|---|---|
| DTCs are not output
(No pending DTCs output) |
A |
| DTC P042000 and/or P043000 is output | B |
A
B
If DTC P042000 is output, replace the exhaust manifold assembly RH (TWC: Front catalyst) and the front exhaust pipe assembly (TWC: Rear catalyst) together when catalyst replacement is necessary.
If DTC P043000 is output, replace the exhaust manifold assembly LH (TWC: Front catalyst) and the front No. 2 exhaust pipe assembly (TWC: Rear catalyst) together when catalyst replacement is necessary.
Confirm the replacement parts, referring to the illustration in Catalyst Location.
Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
Turn the ignition switch to ON.
Turn the GTS on.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes.
Read the DTCs.
| Result | Proceed to |
|---|---|
| DTC P042000 is output | A |
| DTC P043000 is output | B |
| DTC P042000 and P043000 are output | C |
A
B
C